USF's Center for Global Justice Cambodia Program presented my first opportunity to travel to a country impacted by crimes against humanity and genocide. I spent seven weeks in Cambodia. For the first three weeks, I took a course on the Cambodian Genocide with six other USF students. I then interned with the Cambodia Human Rights Action Committee, monitoring the progress of the Extraordinary Chambers of the Courts of Cambodia, the hybrid Cambodia-international tribunal currently conducting the Khmer Rouge trials. In 2007, the first indictments had not yet been issued, but we were able to attend a briefing of provincial leaders at the new court house and a press conference held when the Investigating Judges were publicly announced.

The day which had the greatest impact on everyone in the group, regardless of each person's reasons for participating in the program, involved our visit to the Killing Fields and Toul Sleng, the prison where thousands were tortured by the Khmer Rouge. Merely reading about the crimes committed by the Khmer Rouge does not compare to seeing physical evidence in person. It is a day I will not soon forget.

My first moments in Phnom Penh were difficult, as I had never travelled to a developing country, but new experiences and weekend excursions have made for endless stories and lasting friendships. I quickly grew to deeply respect Cambodia. The more I learned about Cambodian history, the more I realized the resolve of Cambodia's people to heal the scars of their country. Inspired and yearning to know more, upon returning to USF in the fall, I used my writing requirement to examine how human rights violations affected the development of Cambodian criminal law.

Coming from a family of immigrants, I thought I was familiar with the issues facing people coming into this country. Thinking I could contribute my cultural fluency, language skills, and my barely honed first year law school skills, I worked during the summer in El Salvador. I learned, however, that whatever contribution I could possibly make is small compared to the wealth of experiences I received.

IDHUCA (Human Rights Institute at the Central American University) introduced me to a whole new set of issues facing immigrants and their families. Immigration law is wonderfully complex, calling for creative solutions and substantial knowledge of other areas of the law. Familiarity with U.S. immigration law is sorely needed in a country where approximately 20 percent of its citizens are living abroad (mostly in the United States).

What most solidified the experience for me was the cultural immersion and opportunity to learn the historical and social forces propelling the significant migration from this small country. My co-intern and I got to meet people intimately affected by and actively involved in El Salvador's civil war. The diverse viewpoints we heard during our meetings with lawyers, judges, guerrillas, professors, and laypeople really gave us a sense of the country's many crises. The people we met left an indelible imprint on my psyche.

One of the most significant moments was when I began to understand the practical effects of U.S. immigration law and its resonating sanctions. I will never forget 59-year-old Alberto, a legal permanent resident card holder, who lived and worked for over 30 years in the U.S., but was ultimately deported for having reentered the U.S. during a previous five-year bar. Now back in a country with whom he no longer has ties, he cannot find employment and is struggling to make ends meet. Aggravating Alberto's situation is that, because he was deported, U.S. law bars him from receiving Social Security benefits until his 20¬year ban is over. He direly needs this income, given El Salvador's 20 percent unemployment rate.

As a result of this program, I feel I will be better equipped to make more humane and just choices as a lawyer. I feel fortunate to have been given this opportunity to inform my decisions.

I spent the summer interning for USAID's Rule of Law Effectiveness (ROLE) project in the Philippines. ROLE focuses on the good governance aspects of USAID's work in the Philippines. My work included assisting in workshops to promote inter-agency cooperation in anti-corruption efforts, preparing a retired chief judge to give a speech to the legal community regarding judicial reform, and suggesting policy choices for ROLE's anti-trafficking efforts. The scope of my tasks extended from briefing cases to interviewing influential government officers. More than anything else, I found development work compelling because of the broad policy level at which it interacts with the law. This work is about, among other things, helping to improve legal systems to meet the needs of those who are bound by them.

Development work also provides a unique way to travel. During my stay in the Philippines, I met and made friends with interesting and involved Filipinos with perspectives on their country that have evolved from years of addressing critical issues in politics, human rights, and governance. Exploring the Philippines with these friends taught me things about the country that cannot be found in any travel guide. The limitations on what could be learned were only my own. The ROLE internship gave me inordinate access in a country where I would have otherwise been a stranger.

Eight USF law students spent nearly two weeks in the Dominican Republic observing the status of Haitians living in the country. We saw everything from the inner walls of a congested prison and a cockfighting coliseum, to a rich ballet performance by school children in a poor neighborhood. We walked through tight tin-lined alleyways in Haitian bateyes (refugee communities), and then along sparkling Caribbean shores. Our experience closed with a day in the congested marketplace on the border town of Dajabón. Many Haitians made the trip from Haiti to the market and back about 20 times, amounting to countless vendors running full marathons twice a week in relentless heat, while carrying their bodyweight in potato chips, rice, and live chickens. I left the island with the sinking feeling that one person's lack of basic needs, including access to legal services, does not exist in isolation of another's privilege. In contrast, we saw firsthand the success of development projects in bateyes and schools. Thanks in part to the tireless work of several NGOs and human rights attorneys, I believe change is possible for social conditions and societal attitudes. This meaningful experience equipped the eight of us to better serve our global community.

Participating in the Center for Law and Global Justice's Bangalore Internship Program in 2008 was one of the most valuable and memorable experiences I have had during law school. The program enabled me to earn academic units and to gain practical legal experience in India while pursuing an interest in international human rights.

During the first week of the program our group of nine students received a series of outstanding lectures at the National Law School of India on a range of legal topics, including the Indian Constitution, intellectual property, human rights, and alternative dispute resolution. We also visited several sites around Bangalore, including the High Court of Karnataka. The remainder of the five-week program consisted of a full-time, four-week internship; mine was with the South India Cell for Human Rights Education and Monitoring (SICHREM). I was warmly welcomed at SICHREM and received a steady stream of engaging research and writing projects, most of which were in support of a project for the prevention of torture in India.

My experience in Bangalore was extremely rewarding both personally and professionally. I gained excellent exposure to the operation of a grassroots human rights organization, which is closely aligned with my career goals. The experience has also helped open doors to other international human rights programming at USF, including the Frank C. Newman International Human Rights Law Clinic in which I traveled to the U.N. Human Rights Council.

Over the summer, I worked with Professor de la Vega on a petition to be submitted to the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, an autonomous arm of the Organization of American States, involving a man on death row. He has been there 14 years waiting for his appeal to be heard. His petition is based on a number of rights, including the prohibition against the imposition of cruel, inhumane, and degrading treatment or punishment; the right to be tried without undue delay; and the right to humane treatment while in custody. I prepared for meeting him with some trepidation, but realized my preconceptions were incorrect, reminding me of the effect that preconceived notions may have on myself and others.

Going to the U.N. Human Rights Council ("HRC") in Geneva as part of the Frank C. Newman International Human Rights Law Clinic was an incredible experience. I wrote a report on the right to vote and focused on this issue at the HRC. The right to vote is asserted in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant of Civil and Political Rights, and several regional international human rights instruments. Nevertheless, derogations remain widespread.

Ultimately, I was trying to garner support to urge the HRC to appoint a Special Rapporteur to investigate derogations of voting rights, and to better define meaningful commitments and best practices of the right to vote. I highlighted the importance of the right to vote by addressing several issues, including election administration, disenfranchisement based on gender, disenfranchisement based on past criminal conviction, and electronic voting. I was lucky to be able to make an oral intervention on the floor of the council during the general debate concerning the promotion and protection of all civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights, including the right to development. As a representative of an NGO, I was able to address certain politically sensitive issues that a delegate may not be able to. Furthermore, as law students, we brought a different but important perspective to these issues, and we focused on international law and the actual text of various treaties more than other NGOs did.

I approached a lot of delegates, including delegates from Ghana, South Africa, India, and Switzerland. I gave them my report and talked with them about various issues that I had investigated. The Swiss delegation, in particular, expressed interest in raising the right to vote as a future agenda item. In addition to country delegates, I also approached NGOs that were working on related issues and had an enlightening discussion with the special expert on discrimination.

Through all of these discussions, I learned that although the right to vote is provided for in numerous international human rights instruments, it is actually quite a controversial right. Many countries oppose an obligation to hold elections, but would be more inclined to support an obligation that elections be free and fair. I learned that concrete progress on some human rights issues can be complicated and difficult. The HRC provides a forum for countries to discuss these human rights issues. It was an amazing experience to be able to watch the entire process unfold, and I am extremely grateful to have been given this remarkable opportunity.

I was fortunate to be one of three USF law students selected to represent Human Rights Advocates at the United National Commission on the Status of Women, 53rd session in New York City. My report focused on migrant domestic workers as paid care-givers with specific sets of rights as articulated under the Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), the Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD), the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), and the International Convention on the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families (CMW).

Women migrants make up over 50 percent of all migrants according to UN-INSTRAW. My advocacy focused on women migrating from the Philippines to Hong Kong, Latin America to the United States, and Sri Lanka to the Middle East in search of employment as domestic workers. Migrant domestic workers are overwhelmingly women of color from the Global South, mirroring the worldwide feminization and racialization of poverty we see in the current era of globalization. They face many of the same challenges as non-migrant domestic workers who are employed in their countries of origin, but also suffer extreme racism and xenophobia on account of their status as migrant workers. Sex and gender-based exploitation, including physical and mental abuse, rape, and torture, is also rampant.

These women are in a veritable legal limbo land, without full protection under the CMW or ICCPR that are mostly gender-neutral in their provisions, with the exception of general non-discrimination clauses. CEDAW General Recommendation 26 on women migrant workers was issued in November 2008 just before the 53d session of the CSW opened, providing breakthrough language on the intersection of gender and race-based oppression experienced by women migrant workers, specifically mentioning the plight of domestic workers. Most delegates and NGO representatives that I approached during my two weeks at the CSW were completely unaware of CEDAW General Recommendation 26. Similarly, there was little discussion of the merits of the Convention on Migrant Worker rights. This was a great chance to educate a vast array of government officials about the nuances of migrant domestic worker's rights. I split my time directly lobbying government delegates, NGO representatives, permanent mission workers, and caucus representatives.

The experience was invaluable and I thank everyone at Human Rights Advocates and the Frank C. Newman International Human Rights Law Clinic staff for providing me with this incredible advocacy opportunity.

Students applying to the International Internship Program must complete the CLGJ application and provide the requested documents. Applications for summer 2010 are due by February 13, 2010. Participating students will be charged USF summer abroad tuition ($3,600 for four units in 2009) and are required to pay for their own airfare, housing, and meals. Internships are available to USF School of Law students only. Planned internships for summer 2010 include:

Bangalore, India | 4 units | 9 students

This international internship program is offered in conjunction with the National Law School of India University (NLSIU). Internships are preceded by one week of orientation including classroom instruction on the Indian legal system and visits to Bangalore's historic courts and Parliament. Students will receive a course certificate in Indian Law and Legal Systems from NLSIU, India's leading law school. Students then work as law clerks for four weeks in Bangalore, the home of India's high-tech industry. The internships will be at international business law firms, NGOs, and government agencies. The clinical legal work will culminate in a 20-page paper. Students will live in furnished apartments with daily maid service. Cost of housing will range from $30 to $80 per day, depending on type of room. Professor Dolores Donovan coordinates the internships.

Beijing, China | 4 units | 6-8 students

The program will begin with a week of instruction from English-speaking Chinese law professors on the legal system of China and its intersection with international law. The next four weeks will be spent working in international business law firms, many of which specialize in intellectual property law. Housing will be in university dormitories and will range from $20 per day for a double room to $30 per day for a single room. Li Yongbo LLM '08 and a USF faculty member coordinate the internships.

Bilbao, Spain | 4 units | 6-8 students

The program will begin with three days of instruction from English-speaking Spanish professors on the legal system of Spain and its intersection with regional and international law. Students will intern at law offices, NGOs, courts, and government agencies in Bilbao. Under the supervision of an English-speaking attorney, students are required to undertake a substantial writing project. Students will stay in individual rooms with computer access in the dormitory of Deusto with common living areas and cafeteria. Professor Connie de la Vega coordinates the internships.

Buenos Aires, Argentina | 4 units | 6-8 students

The first week of this internship will be spent in Cordoba, Argentina, at the Catholic University School of Law, joint sponsor of the program and one of Argentina's leading law schools. In Cordoba, participants will live in student housing, and receive instruction in the legal system of Argentina and its relationship to regional and international law. Each student will then spend four weeks working at either private or public law placements in Buenos Aires. Accommodations will be provided at a modest cost. Students will be responsible for their own transportation between the United States and Argentina, and between Cordoba and Buenos Aires (a one-day bus ride or one-hour plane ride). Each student will participate in the general work of their respective law offices, and will be engaged in a specific project, for which they will produce a 20-page paper. The paper topic will be determined through discussion between students, their English-speaking internship supervisors, and Professor Jack Garvey, who coordinates the internship program.

Hanoi, Vietnam | 4 units | 6-9 students

Participating students work in NGOs, such as the U.S. Agency for International Development, and international commercial law firms representing Vietnamese and overseas investors in contract, regulatory, intellectual property, trade, securities, and real property issues. Susan Mendelsohn '80, adjunct professor and coordinator of the law school's LLM mentor program, supervises the internships. Students are required to submit weekly email reports on internship activities and a 20-page paper that demonstrates what they learned about the practice of law in Vietnam.

Students that would like to participate in volunteer human rights initiatives must submit the CLGJ application and provide the requested documentation. Students receive no academic credit for their participation. Costs and funding vary by program, as described below. Volunteer human rights initiatives for summer 2010 include:

Dominican Republic | 7 students

Since 2005, the center has been sending delegations of students to investigate discrimination experienced by Haitian migrant families living in the Dominican Republic. The delegation examines discrimination in areas of health, access to food and clean water, housing, education, employment, and immigration. Students interview dozens of migrant families and meet with employer representatives, senior governmental officials, attorneys, medical providers, and/or law enforcement. The delegation, with guidance from the director, Nicole Phillips '99, will produce a report on their findings. Phillips is a human rights lawyer who specializes in labor and environmental rights. Students will receive a reimbursement of expenses to cover airfare and miscellaneous expenses (estimated cost up to $1,000). Housing, meals, and most trip expenses are covered by the director. Spanish speaking students strongly preferred.

Haiti | 4 students

Students that participate in this virtual internship work on current human rights issues relating to Haiti while living in San Francisco. Students have successfully lobbied the U.S. Congress to pass a resolution urging international financial institutions to cancel Haiti's debt; advocated before the U.N. for countries offering foreign aid to guarantee women's access to healthcare; prepared a research paper analyzing foreign aid's contribution to Haiti's deforestation; and created training materials for a coalition of human rights advocates on the hunger crisis in Haiti. The program is coordinated by Brian Concannon, co-founder of the Institute for Justice and Democracy in Haiti, and Nicole Phillips '99, a human rights lawyer who specializes in labor and environmental rights. The program is approximately 10 weeks, 10–15 hours a week, paid hourly at the research assistant rate of $13.65 per hour. Students must attend one meeting per week on campus.

Center for Law and Global Justice clinics provide practical legal experience in international, criminal, and juvenile law. The application procedures for the Frank C. Newman International Human Rights Law Clinic and the Criminal and Juvenile Justice Law Clinic vary by program, as outlined below.

Frank C. Newman International Human Rights Law Clinic | 4 units | 8 students

USF's innovative Frank C. Newman International Human Rights Law Clinic focuses on critical human rights issues, including migrants' rights, application of the death penalty to juveniles, and trafficking of women. Participating students research and prepare presentations for the United Nations Human Rights Council and the Commission of the Status of Women. The selection process for the Frank C. Newman International Human Rights Law Clinic is highly competitive; selected students are typically in their third year of law school and have prior experience in international human rights. Professor Connie de la Vega, the clinic director, also evaluates student language skills, grades, and schedules and considers recommendations and whether students' interests match clinic projects. Students who would like to apply to the clinic should attend the informational meeting in October (meeting details will be available in the fall), where students can ask questions and obtain applications.

Criminal and Juvenile Justice Law Clinic | 6 units | 8 students

Under the direction of Professor Sharon Meadows, students in the Criminal and Juvenile Justice Law Clinic advocate for clients in a courtroom setting at the San Francisco Hall of Justice and the Youth Guidance Center. Enrollment is by professor consent only and limited to second- and third-year students. Participants are selected in the semester prior to the clinic. To apply, students must have already completed Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure, and Evidence. An informational meeting will be held mid-semester prior to the clinic at which time applications will be available. Questions should be directed to the law clinic office at (415) 422-6752.

Students that would like to enroll in The Law of Genocide: Cambodia must follow the application procedures outlined below. All other USF School of Law international courses follow normal registration procedures. Click here for registration information.

The Law of Genocide: Cambodia | 3 units (credit/no credit) | 6 students (minimum)

This three-week class taught by Professor Howard de Nike and held in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, examines the history of the Khmer Rouge political movement, the atrocities committed between 1975–78, and the 2003 agreement by the Royal Government of Cambodia to prosecute Khmer Rouge leaders. The course combines class meetings, lectures, and field site visits including tribunal sessions when sitting. A final examination is given. Participating students will be charged USF summer abroad tuition, $3,600 for three units in 2009. Students will be required to pay for their own airfare and meals. Housing is provided and will cost approximately $600. To apply for the Cambodia program, you must submit the Cambodian program application and a $350 deposit/application fee. Enrollment is processed on a first-come, first-serve basis.

In this non-credit internship program sponsored by the Keta Taylor Colby Death Penalty Project, six students are selected to work with defense attorneys in the American South. Students are required to attend four training sessions in the spring. The program runs from early June to mid-August. Each student receives a stipend of $4,000 to cover travel and living expenses. Rental cars are provided. Applications for the program are due in late January. Any student who has completed at least one year of law school is eligible to apply. A student wishing to apply should submit a cover letter describing his or her interest in the program, a current resume, and a law school grade report to Professor Steven Shatz. For additional information, visit the project website here.

The USF School of Law offers summer study abroad programs focusing on European Union (E.U.) and international law in Dublin, Ireland, and Prague, Czech Republic, and semester abroad study opportunities at the City University of Hong Kong in China; the Jindal Global University in Delhi, India; and the University of Luxembourg. Study abroad programs are part of the fully-accredited curriculum of the USF School of Law. They are open to students who have satisfactorily completed at least one year of full-time or part-time study at a non-U.S. law school or an ABA and AALS accredited U.S. law school. Additional information on semester abroad opportunities for spring 2010 will be available in the fall.

Prague, Czech Republic | 2-7 units | 36 students per course

The USF law program is co-hosted by a distinguished European law faculty at Charles University, which was founded in 1348 and is Europe's fifth oldest university. This program examines the legal systems developing in countries of Central Europe as they prepare for membership to the European Union. Courses focus on human rights, mediation, IP property contracts, and other relevant topics. The law school is located on the bank of the Vltava (Moldau) River, a five-minute walk from Prague's Old Town Square. Housing is available in a university dormitory for approximately $1,120 for five weeks. Students may participate in a three week or five week program, or combine the Dublin and Prague programs, which provides a unique opportunity to study the emerging E.U. legal system in different national contexts. Students that combine the programs spend three weeks in Dublin and then three weeks in Prague, with one week in between for travel. A $350 non-refundable admission's deposit is payable with the initial summer study abroad application. If the courses or programs of your choice are not available at the time your application is received, you will be notified immediately and have 24 hours to chose another course or program (if available) or have the $350 deposit refunded. If your application is accepted for your course and program selection, the $350 deposit is non-refundable. Tuition for all summer programs in 2009 was $3,600 for four credits or less and $750 for each credit in excess of four. Students may not take more than seven credits for the full summer or more than four credits during a three-week program at any site. For the study abroad program application and information on program courses and faculty, click here.

Dublin, Ireland | 2-7 units | 36 students per course

With Ireland's membership to the European Union, Dublin has transformed from a quaint, provincial capital to a vibrant, sophisticated center. Unique provisions in the Irish Constitution have given the Irish people a direct voice in the development of the E.U. This is an important time to understand the Irish perspective on E.U. membership. The University of San Francisco summer law program takes place on the picturesque campus of Trinity College, which is more than 400 years old. The campus is within a five-minute walk to the House of Parliament, Dublin Castle, the Abbey Theatre, James Joyce's favorite pubs, and a vast variety of restaurants. Irish faculty teach two of the four courses available through this program. Students study in Dublin for three weeks or combine the Dublin and Prague programs, which provides a unique opportunity to study the emerging E.U. legal system in different national contexts. Housing is available for approximately $1,500 for three weeks. A $350 non-refundable admission's deposit is payable with the initial summer study abroad application. If the courses or programs of your choice are not available at the time your application is received, you will be notified immediately and have 24 hours to chose another course or program (if available) or have the $350 deposit refunded. If your application is accepted for your course and program selection, the $350 deposit is non-refundable. Tuition for all summer programs in 2009 was $3,600 for four credits or less and $750 for each credit in excess of four. Students may not take more than seven credits for the full summer or more than four credits during a three-week program at any site. For the study abroad program application and information on program courses and faculty, click here.